SURREALISM

Surrealism is a literary movement that experiments with multiple sources of art, called automatic writing or automatism. It was formed in 1910 and further developed throughout the 1920's. This form of art strived to create pictures using the imagination of the subconsious. It was officially charished in 1924 with the publication of the Manifesto Of Surrealism by the poet André Breton. After this production, Surrealism was known as an inrernational political movement using creativity to create art from different and more powerful perspectives. 
The idea behind Surrealism is based upon the political ideas of Karl Marx, and the psychological reasons of Sigmund Freud, who believed in 'free association' as he would call it refering to creating new art (in this case poetry) making connections between things one wouldn't naturally make.
The old ancester of Surrealism is of course Dadaism, the artificial movement that was created a decade earlier described as a form of an artistic protesting movement which came to existence due to the disgust the people felt towards social, political and cultural views of that time. It would consist of art, music, poetry, theatre and politics.

The visual artists who first worked with Surrealism were Max Ernst, Andre Masson, Juon Miro and Man Ray.

Sources:

- "The Art Story.org - Your Guide to Modern Art." Surrealism Movement, Artists and Major Works. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. <http://www.theartstory.org/movement-surrealism.htm>.

- "What Is Surrealism in Art? - About.com Art History." About.com Art History. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. <http://arthistory.about.com/od/modernarthistory/a/Surrealism-Art-History-101-Basics.htm>.